Glossary Papakupu

Explanations of abbreviations and acronyms.
All ' 1 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

    T

    Tachometer indicator
    The engine and rotor RPM indication are presented to the pilot as a percentage on a dual tachometer indicator located on the instrument panel. Under normal operating conditions both the engine and rotor indications are matched in the green arc from 101–104 per cent RPM.
    TAF
    Terminal Aerodrome Forecast
    Tail boom
    The tail boom extends out from the rear of the body of the helicopter.
    Tailcone
    The tailcone, commonly known as the tail boom, is a structural system that extends out of the helicopter’s fuselage. The tail rotor assembly and empennage are attached to the rear of the tailcone.
    Tailpin
    The connecting rod that joins the couplers drawbar to the chassis and holds the carriage’s spring-pack system together, which suppresses in-train movement forces when the train is moving.
    Tally
    Record of quantities of goods loaded or discharged
    Tamper
    A machine used to pack (tamp) the track ballast under railway tracks to make the tracks more level.
    Tank Terminal
    Facility for storage and transfer of liquid bulk products
    Tapered monocoque
    A structural system in which the outer skin carries all or a major part of the stresses, in a manner similar to an eggshell.
    TAR
    Track Access Request
    Task Instruction
    A Task Instruction is issued by KiwiRail and provides details of the requirements covering a specified topic. For example, the Level Crossing Alarms and Barrier Installations Task Instruction covers the testing, description, installation and maintenance requirements for level crossings.
    Taxiing
    Taxi means movement of an aircraft on the surface of an aerodrome or on water, excluding take-off and landing, but including, in the case of helicopters, operation over the surface of an aerodrome within a height band associated with ground effect and at speeds associated with air taxiing
    Taxiway
    Path for aircraft moving between runways and aprons
    TBO escalation programme
    A TBO escalation programme is a CAA-acceptable means of compliance, to extend engines beyond the manufacturer’s recommended overhaul limit.
    TCD Manual
    The Traffic Control Devices Manual, produced by Waka Kotahi NZ Transport Agency
    Team leader
    Crew member responsible for leading the hospitality services team.
    Technical log
    A running written record of daily flying hours and serviceability state.
    Technical Standard Order
    A minimum performance standard for specified materials, parts and appliances used on civil aircraft.
    Temporary speed restriction
    A temporary speed restriction reduces the speed limit on a track while track-related faults are waiting for repair or undergoing repair. Caution speed boards are placed next to the track, alerting a train driver 1.5 km ahead and allowing the crew to reduce the train’s speed before it reaches the known fault. This temporary speed restriction had been in place for a period of time before the weather event.
    Temporary traffic management
    Temporary protections put in place to protect road users from potentially hazardous or unusual situations such as roadworks or traffic accidents. Protections may be in the form of warning devices, high-visibility road cones and stop/go direction from road workers, as well as other methods.
    Tender
    A small vessel carried by a larger vessel, used to transport people and goods to and from a shore or another vessel
    Territorial waters
    The marine area within 12 nautical miles (NM) of the low-water mark.
    Tetrahydrocannabinol
    The principal psychoactive constituent found in cannabis.
    TEU
    Twenty-foot equivalent unit - a container size measure
    TG
    Tauranga Airport
    TG
    Tauranga Airport
    The angle of bank
    The angle at which a vehicle is inclined about its longitudinal axis with respect to the plane of its curved path.
    The International Maritime Organization (IMO)
    A specialised agency of the United Nations that is the global standard-setting authority for the safety, security and environmental performance of international shipping.
    The Noises
    The Noises is a group of islands, rock stacks and reefs within the inner Hauraki Gulf Marine Park/Tīkapa Moana. The largest islands are Ōtata Island and Motuhoropapa Island.
    The stabilised approach
    The stabilised approach, based on aviation practices, has been developed by RSSB into the non-technical skills training as the Observe, Understand, Decide and Act model.
    The standing orders
    The rules that are posted by the vessel’s captain and/or the operator to be understood by each watchkeeper operating the vessel
    Third Rail
    Conductor rail supplying electric power to trains
    Thread root
    The bottom of the groove between the two flanking surfaces of the thread.
    Threshold
    The beginning of an airport runway on which an aircraft can attempt to land.
    Throttle position
    The locomotive’s power positions between idle and eight
    Throughput
    Amount of cargo or traffic handled over a period
    Time lapse
    Time-lapse digital images taken five minutes apart
    Time-lapse camera
    A camera system that captures still digital images at regular intervals, rather than as moving video.
    Timetable
    Published schedule of train or flight operations
    Timetable software
    The timetable software used was the Operational Management System (OMS), which provided information to the train controller such as train sizes and destinations. It was used for, among other things, scheduling and train routing decisions.
    Tip-over landing
    A landing where the basket does not remain upright, but tips over onto its side.
    Top box
    The top box is the sealed box located above the generator set where soundproof material covers the exhaust silencer.
    Torsional
    Twisting of the shaft caused by an applied force.
    Torsional damage
    Twisting of the shaft caused by applied force, in this case rotation of the tail rotor drive.
    Touch-and-go
    Touch-and-go is a landing followed immediately by a take-off
    Towage
    Service of assisting a vessel by towing or pushing
    Tower
    Tower provides the air traffic control service for the area on and in the immediate vicinity of the aerodrome.
    Track Circuit
    Electrical circuit used to detect train occupancy of a track section
    Track circuitry
    An electrical circuit where current is carried through the rails and used to detect the absence of trains.
    Track formation
    The track formation is the supporting material used under and around rail sleepers; it supports the track and includes the lower supporting compacted materials used in construction.
    Track inspection
    A track inspection is undertaken by a certified rail person, who conducts inspections of the track and structures within the rail corridor.
    Track machines
    Specialised machines capable of travelling on a railway to conduct track maintenance.
    Track meterage
    Each rail line is identified by track meterage starting from a 0.000 km location and is set out in half-kilometer and full-kilometer sections until the end of the line. 17 A rail employee who controls rail vehicle movements.
    Track metrage sign
    Trackside signage indicating the track meterage.
    Track relays
    Electrical device used in railway signalling systems to detect the presence of trains on a section of track.
    Track time
    Track time is the time allocated by train control for track workers to take possession of a section of track to conduct maintenance or repair work. Train control provides track workers with protection from rail traffic for the duration of that time.
    Track warrant territory
    An area operating on verbal and written instructions from train control indicating limits of authority, as opposed to following red or green trackside signals.
    Track worker
    A person who is part of an infrastructure team carrying out maintenance and repair of the railway track.
    Track workers
    Competent workers whose primary duties are associated with work on or around infrastructure in the rail corridor.
    Traffic Management Plan
    A method of controlling vehicles and people within an area of unusual activity such as roadworks or major events
    Train control
    The centre from where the movement of all rail vehicles and track access in a specified area are brought under the direction of a Train Controller
    Train control diagram
    A document that records all information about activity on the relevant railway line over a 24-hour period. Train controllers annotate the diagram in real time to show activities such as train movements, track occupations, track faults, temporary speed restrictions, weather events, and any other pertinent information that arises.
    Train control protections
    Train control established protection by holding signals providing entry into the area at red (stop). This prevented rail traffic from entering the same area as the HRVs.
    Train controller
    A person qualified to authorise rail movements and track access. Train controllers operate in a train control centre.
    Train Management System (TMS)
    The onboard computer data system that is connected through each carriage and into the locomotive.
    Train manager
    Train managers are responsible for rail passenger comfort and safety. They manage passenger loading and unloading, provide passengers with information and may issue tickets, handle money and operate emergency equipment. They are supported by the train attendants in this function.
    Train Manager (TM)
    Manages the train’s operational requirements for the journey.
    Train simulation
    A locomotive cab controls console, connected to a computer system, to simulate the train’s movements along the train and to record the inputs from the LE.
    Train stop trip
    A piece of equipment fitted to some passenger trains that activates emergency braking if the train passes certain signals at stop. Because of its design, the equipment can also be activated by an obstruction on the trackside, such as a build-up of vegetation or rock debris.
    Train stop trip lever
    The lever that activates the train stop trip
    Trainee locomotive engineer
    A locomotive engineer undergoing on-job training prior to certification.
    Transdev Wellington
    Transdev Wellington is the operator of Wellington’s Metlink rail network.
    Transit Shed
    Port warehouse for short-term storage of cargo
    Tranz Rail
    Tranz Rail was the main rail operator in New Zealand from 1991 until it was purchased by Toll Holdings in 2003.
    Tranzlog
    The train’s ’black box’ data recorder.
    Tranzlog data recording system
    Records and stores operational data from the locomotive and connecting carriages.
    Trawl warp
    A synthetic rope used to haul in trawl fishing nets
    Trawling
    Towing the net to catch fish
    Trigger Action Response Plan (TARP)
    A trigger action response plan (TARP) outlines the process to be followed if an occurrence happens.
    Triggered Action Response Plan
    A plan used to give guidance on responding and acting or following tested procedures in an event
    TS90
    KiwiRail Job Plan Book
    TSB
    Transportation Safety Board of Canada
    TSR
    Temporary Speed Restriction
    TST levers
    A lever connected to Transdev trains that is activated when it comes into contact with an obstruction and, in turn, activates the train’s braking system. It was designed to interact with equipment at selected signal locations to mitigate trains running past signals at stop.
    Turnout
    Assembly of rails allowing trains to diverge from a track
    TWACS
    A computer-based system used by train controllers to prepare and issue track warrants safely. It does so by checking against previous prepares, issues and cancellations to ensure that conflicts do not exist.
    TWC
    Track Warrant Control
    Twist locks
    Twist locks are fitted to shipping containers to allow the containers to lock together when stacked. See Glossary for photo of a twist lock.
    Type 401 lifejackets
    Designed to keep the wearer in a face up position while in the water.
    Type Certificate
    A Type Certificate is issued by a Regulatory Authority and signifies the airworthiness of a particular category of aircraft, according to its manufacturing design.