Glossary Papakupu

Explanations of abbreviations and acronyms.
All ' 1 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

    I

    IACS
    International Association of Classification Societies
    IAS
    indicated airspeed
    IATA
    International Air Transport Association
    IATA DGR
    International rules governing air transport of dangerous goods
    ICAO
    International Civil Aviation Organization
    ICAP
    Initial call answering point
    Ice accretion
    The process by which a layer of ice (icing) builds up on solid objects that are exposed to freezing precipitation or to supercooled fog or cloud droplets.
    ICU
    Injection control unit
    IFR
    Instrument flight rules
    ILS
    instrument landing system
    IMC
    Instrument meteorological conditions (or visibility has reduced to an extent that visual reference of the horizon is lost).
    IMO
    International Maritime Organization
    Impassable
    For the purposes of this report, the term ‘impassable’ is used to describe a section of track that should have been closed to rail traffic.
    In-cab back-up portable radio
    The in-cab back-up portable radio operated on a rechargeable battery system and was stored in the cab of the train.
    Inattentional blindness
    A phenomenon where there is an inability to perceive. This sighted blindness (observed during tests) seemed to be caused by the fact that subjects did not attend to a critical stimulus but instead attended to something else that acted as a distractor (Mack, 1998).
    Inboard
    Towards the centre of a ship
    Incident
    An incident is an occurrence that did not progress to the state of an accident due to some reason, protective barrier, or intervention.
    Inclining experiment
    A process that involves causing a vessel to heel to small angles by moving known weights transversely to determine its stability, lightship weight and the coordinates of its centre of gravity.
    Increased loading
    A type of acceleration force that causes a perception of weight otherwise known as g-force.
    Independent brake
    The locomotive’s brake system
    Individual Train Detection (ITD)
    Individual Train Detection (ITD) is the lowest form of self-protection required to work on the rail corridor unsupervised. Workers using ITD must comply with conditions including calculating distances from which approaching trains will be sighted. If all conditions cannot be met then a higher form of protection, such as electronic blocking, must be used.
    Information service person
    A person located in a tower providing aerodrome information only, for example weather and runway conditions, but not a controlling service.
    Instrument approach procedure
    A series of predetermined manoeuvres by reference to flight instruments with specified protection from obstacles.
    Instrument flight rules
    Rules that allow properly equipped aircraft to be flown under ‘instrument meteorological conditions’ (conditions expressed in terms of visibility, distance from cloud, and ceiling less than the minima specified for visual meteorological conditions)
    Integrated Rating
    A crew member who can perform the functions and duties of a deck crew member on ships or a crew member in a manned engine room or periodically unmanned engine room
    Interference fit
    In this method, the fastening between the pintle and taper in the lower casting is achieved by friction after the parts are pushed together.
    Interlocking
    The design and arrangement of signalling equipment to prevent unsafe movements that could result in a collision.
    Intermediate signal
    A signal within an automatic signalling area used to keep trains travelling in the same direction safely separated by indicating proceed if the section ahead is clear or indicating stop if the section is occupied. These signals divide the line between stations into shorter sections and control the entry of trains into such sections.
    Intermittent resistance
    When there is temporarily no electrical connection, or weak electrical connection (high resistance), from one end of a wire to the other.
    International Safety Management (ISM) Code
    The ISM Code is the International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and Pollution Prevention, as adopted by the IMO assembly in November 1993. The ISM Code came into force in July 1998 and is part of the SOLAS Chapter IX - Management for the Safe Operation of Ships.
    Inverter
    An electrical device that converts direct current to alternating current
    IPMux
    Internet protocol multiplexer
    IR
    Integrated Rating
    ISM Code
    The International Safety Management Code is a set of guidelines established by the IMO for the Safe Operation of Ships and for the protection of the environment by shipowners and operators
    ISM Code audit
    A systematic, independent and documented process to verify whether a safety-management system complies with the requirements of the ISM Code.
    Isobath
    A line drawn on a chart for indicating the depth of water below the surface
    ITD
    Individual Train Detection