Glossary Papakupu
Explanations of abbreviations and acronyms.
- IACS
- International Association of Classification Societies
- IAS
- indicated airspeed
- IATA
- International Air Transport Association
- IATA DGR
- International rules governing air transport of dangerous goods
- ICAO
- International Civil Aviation Organization
- ICAP
- Initial call answering point
- Ice accretion
- The process by which a layer of ice (icing) builds up on solid objects that are exposed to freezing precipitation or to supercooled fog or cloud droplets.
- IFR
- Instrument flight rules
- ILS
- instrument landing system
- IMC
- Instrument meteorological conditions (or visibility has reduced to an extent that visual reference of the horizon is lost).
- IMO
- International Maritime Organization
- Impassable
- For the purposes of this report, the term ‘impassable’ is used to describe a section of track that should have been closed to rail traffic.
- In-cab back-up portable radio
- The in-cab back-up portable radio operated on a rechargeable battery system and was stored in the cab of the train.
- Inclining experiment
- A process that involves causing a vessel to heel to small angles by moving known weights transversely to determine its stability, lightship weight and the coordinates of its centre of gravity.
- Increased loading
- A type of acceleration force that causes a perception of weight otherwise known as g-force.
- Independent brake
- The locomotive’s brake system
- Individual Train Detection (ITD)
- Individual Train Detection (ITD) is the lowest form of self-protection required to work on the rail corridor unsupervised. Workers using ITD must comply with conditions including calculating distances from which approaching trains will be sighted. If all conditions cannot be met then a higher form of protection, such as electronic blocking, must be used.
- Instrument approach procedure
- A series of predetermined manoeuvres by reference to flight instruments with specified protection from obstacles.
- Interference fit
- In this method, the fastening between the pintle and taper in the lower casting is achieved by friction after the parts are pushed together.
- Interlocking
- The design and arrangement of signalling equipment to prevent unsafe movements that could result in a collision.
- Intermediate signal
- A signal within an automatic signalling area used to keep trains travelling in the same direction safely separated by indicating proceed if the section ahead is clear or indicating stop if the section is occupied. These signals divide the line between stations into shorter sections and control the entry of trains into such sections.
- Intermittent resistance
- When there is temporarily no electrical connection, or weak electrical connection (high resistance), from one end of a wire to the other.
- International Safety Management (ISM) Code
- The ISM Code is the International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and Pollution Prevention, as adopted by the IMO assembly in November 1993. The ISM Code came into force in July 1998 and is part of the SOLAS Chapter IX - Management for the Safe Operation of Ships.
- Inverter
- An electrical device that converts direct current to alternating current
- IPMux
- Internet protocol multiplexer
- ISM Code
- The International Safety Management Code is a set of guidelines established by the IMO for the Safe Operation of Ships and for the protection of the environment by shipowners and operators
- ISM Code audit
- A systematic, independent and documented process to verify whether a safety-management system complies with the requirements of the ISM Code.
- Isobath
- A line drawn on a chart for indicating the depth of water below the surface
- ITD
- Individual Train Detection