Glossary Papakupu

Explanations of abbreviations and acronyms.
All ' 1 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

    E

    E-Protect
    E-Protect is a system on locomotives that uses Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to monitor the speed of trains approaching compulsory-stop boards (CSB) and applies a penalty brake if a train does not stop at the CSB location. The system is designed only to enforce a stopping sequence. Once the train has stopped, the E-Protect system becomes inactive, allowing the train to be moved through the PWA. The placement of the compulsory-stop protection boards is a necessary reminder for locomotive engineers to prepare their trains for stopping at designated places to avoid emergency brake applications.
    EASA
    European Union Aviation Safety Administration
    East Coast Main Trunk
    The railway network that runs from Hamilton to Tauranga and Kawerau and is connected to various other mainline rail networks, stations and rail sidings to operate trains and rail vehicles for the movements of commuter passengers and freight.
    Ebbing
    Receding or outgoing tide, occurring between high- and low-tide times
    ECMT
    East Coast Main Trunk
    EDTO
    Extended Diversion Time Operation
    EECU
    Electronic Engine Control Unit
    EEZ
    Exclusive Economic Zone
    Effectively stopped
    The speed over ground had reduced to 0.6 kt or less
    Elastic deformation
    Elastic deformation is a temporary deformation of a material’s shape that is self-reversing after removing the force or load.
    Electrical Multiple Unit (EMU)
    An electric multiple unit train operates on an overhead power source that directs power to the train’s traction motors inside the carriages.
    Electronic blocking
    Electronic blocking is a method of protection whereby the train controller uses the train control system to prevent signals held at red (stop) being placed at green or yellow (proceed). Having to stop for red signals prevents rail traffic from entering a section of track that has been blocked.
    Electronic Train Protection (ETP)
    A train stop protection system designed to reduce the consequences of Signal Passed at Danger occurrences. ETP is an on-board system that is able to read a ‘signal red’ message from an ETCS balise (an electronic beacon or transponder placed between the rails of a railway as part of train control or a protection system). Trackside ETCS was installed throughout the Auckland Metro network as part of the electrification triggered re-signalling.
    Elevation
    The primary unit of measurement of altitude and elevation or height is the metre. However, the most widely used unit of measurement in aviation is the foot. Metric altitudes and flight levels are used in some countries, such as China and Russia. AIPNZ GEN 2.1 states that the unit for measurement for altitudes, elevations and heights is feet.
    Emergency Locator Transmitter
    An emergency locator transmitter transmits a distress signal to the Cospas-Sarsat search and rescue satellite system.
    Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT)
    An ELT transmits a distress signal to the Cospas-Sarsat search and rescue satellite system.
    Empennage
    The tail assembly, including the vertical fin, horizontal stabiliser and tail rotor.
    Empennage assembly
    A horizontal and vertical stabiliser that is located near the aft end of the tailcone. It is designed to provide stability during flight.
    Enclosed waters
    Enclosed waters are inland waters or waters within sheltered waters
    End of daylight
    Civil Aviation Rules (CARs) 1: Definitions defines night beginning at the end of evening civil twilight, which is calculated from tables in AIPNZ GEN 2.7, s1.4 Daylight tables.
    Engine room tank-top
    The floor of the engine room, under which various tanks and voids are located.
    Engine sump
    The internal space at the bottom of an engine where lubricating oil either accumulates, or (as in this case) drains into the lube-oil tank beneath.
    Engineering risk controls
    Engineering risk controls work by isolating hazards, generally by way of the physical design of a system.
    Envelope
    The part of the balloon that holds the hot air and provides lift.
    EPIRB
    Emergency Position-Indicating Radio Beacon
    EPOD
    Electrical power outlet distribution
    Escort tug
    A tug that follows a ship to assist in manoeuvrability if required.
    ETA
    Estimated Time of Arrival
    ETAShip
    Estimated Time of Arrival for a ship
    ETCS
    European Train Control System standard for train signaling and control
    ETD
    Estimated Time of Departure
    ETP
    The point of equal flight time between two diversion airports. The point moves dependent on the wind – in a headwind the point is closer to the destination; in a tailwind it is closer to the point of departure.
    Evacuation egress points
    Points located at the ends of EMU train cabs, allowing access from the train to the ground via a ramp and handrail system
    Evening civil twilight
    When the centre of the setting sun’s disc is 6° below the horizon
    Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs)
    An area of coastal water and seabed within a defined distance of a country’s coastline, to which the country claims exclusive rights for fishing, drilling and other economic activities.
    Excursion
    When an aircraft departs a runway in use when landing or taking off, as either a veer-off or an overrun
    Expectation bias
    A term used to describe the influence that previous experience can have on an individual’s perceptions and decision-making.
    Exposition
    An exposition is a suite of manuals containing information about an operator’s general policies, duties, operational control policy and procedures, and the responsibilities of personnel. It is the main way of showing that the management and control systems required under the CARs are in place.