Glossary Papakupu

Explanations of abbreviations and acronyms.

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Handle off position: There are distinct zones for a train’s brake, known as quadrants. These are: Release; Minimum reduction; Service zone – during normal operation where the reduction is at service rate [controlled rate]; ‘Handle off’ position – for conditioning the brake valve where the brake is applied at service rate. Emergency application – where a brake pipe vents to the atmosphere and brakes are applied more rapidly than a service rate through the train. The Emergency position provides all the available brake effort in a shorter time, together with sanding at the wheel/rail interface to reduce the stopping distance.

Handy bulk carrier: Handy bulk carriers are approximately 10,000 to 39,999 deadweight tons

Hard landing: Sometimes referred to as a heavy landing, when a landing exceeds the manufacturer’s limitations, often expressed as a rate of descent or a ‘g’ loading. This may result in a loss of control and/or aircraft damage and will require an inspection.

Hatch coaming: Vertical structure around a hatch, or other opening in the deck, to prevent water ingress.

Heading (marine): The compass direction in which a vessel’s bow is pointing.

Heavy destress unit: Destressing is the process of adjusting the rails to a stress-free state at a certain rail temperature. Destressing helps the rails cope better with temperature extremes and prevents buckling or contraction.

Heavy rain: Heavy or very heavy rates of rainfall will clearly have a detrimental impact upon general visibility. However, in addition to any true meteorological reduction of visibility, raindrops impacting the windscreen/canopy will additionally reduce visibility. Windscreen wipers (if fitted) may not be able to fully cope with the rainfall rate. (World Meteorological Organization, n.d.)

Heavy rainfall: Greater than 100 millimetres of rainfall over a 24-hour period or a period of rainfall between 10 and 50 millimetres per hour as classified by the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Taihoro Nukurangi (NIWA).

Heli winch: A helicopter operation involving the use of a hoist mechanism with cable and hook that allows a lowering and/or pick up of an external load/cargo/person from the side of the helicopter.

Helicopter frost protection: Helicopter frost protection involves low-level flying over an affected crop to mix warmer air aloft with the cooler air below to prevent frost from settling on the fruit.

Heliport: Any defined area of land or water, and any defined area on a structure, intended or designed to be used either wholly or partly for the landing, departure and surface movement of helicopters

Helm: The means, such as a steering wheel, by which a vessel’s steering is controlled.

Hi-rail vehicle: A vehicle fitted with equipment that gives the capability to travel on both road and rail.

High risk vessel: A ship that has attracted a high number of deficiencies through successive PSC inspections.

High-reliability organisations: High-reliability organisations are those that operate in highly hazardous environments with high safety performance, eg, air traffic management systems, commercial aviation, and nuclear power stations.

Hobbs meter: An activated hour meter used to track the helicopter’s time in service.

Hook and loop retaining strap: The term ‘hook and loop retaining strap’ is commonly used internationally in manuals. An alternative term, ‘hook and loop style fastener’ is often used in safety information bulletins.

Hot air baloon: Incorporates the complete balloon assembly, including the basket, burners and envelope.

Hydrostatic release: A pressure-activated mechanism designed to automatically deploy a life raft when certain conditions are met.

Hydrovac truck: A vacuum excavator truck purpose-built for non-destructive digging and locating underground service.