Glossary Papakupu

Explanations of abbreviations and acronyms.
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    H

    HAA
    Helicopter air ambulance
    Half-arm barriers
    Physical barriers at a level crossing that are automatically lowered a short period after flashing lights and bells have been activated. Vehicles on the level crossing can exit the level crossing control area because the barriers obstruct only half the carriageway.
    Handle off position
    There are distinct zones for a train’s brake, known as quadrants. These are: Release; Minimum reduction; Service zone – during normal operation where the reduction is at service rate [controlled rate]; ‘Handle off’ position – for conditioning the brake valve where the brake is applied at service rate. Emergency application – where a brake pipe vents to the atmosphere and brakes are applied more rapidly than a service rate through the train. The Emergency position provides all the available brake effort in a shorter time, together with sanding at the wheel/rail interface to reduce the stopping distance.
    Handy bulk carrier
    Handy bulk carriers are approximately 10,000 to 39,999 deadweight tons
    Hard landing
    Sometimes referred to as a heavy landing, when a landing exceeds the manufacturer’s limitations, often expressed as a rate of descent or a ‘g’ loading. This may result in a loss of control and/or aircraft damage and will require an inspection.
    Hard to starboard
    Maximum starboard rudder angle
    Hatch coaming
    Vertical structure around a hatch, or other opening in the deck, to prevent water ingress.
    Hauling in the net
    Retrieving the net after fishing
    Hawse pipe
    A pipe in which the anchor shank is housed and through which the anchor cable passes when the anchor is used. The hawse pipe runs through the forecastle from beneath the anchor windlass to the outside of the hull.
    Head wagon
    The first wagon at the locomotive end of the rake.
    Head-on situation
    Such a situation will be considered to exist when a vessel sees another ahead or nearly ahead and by night, the masthead lights of the other vessel are in line or nearly in line and/or both sidelights are visible (Maritime Rules Part 22.14.2(a))
    Heading (marine)
    The compass direction in which a vessel’s bow is pointing.
    Headlines
    Mooring lines leading ashore from the fore end of a ship in a forward direction
    Headway
    Time or distance interval between trains on the same line
    Heat-sensitive wheel paint
    Paint applied to wheel plates, normally a light grey that turns to dark grey or brown when exposed to excessive temperatures (typically around 250–300ºC). Used in maintenance to identify wheels that have been subject to overheat conditions.
    Heaving
    Lifting or to hauling
    Heaving Line
    Light line thrown to pass a heavier mooring line
    Heavy destress unit
    Destressing is the process of adjusting the rails to a stress-free state at a certain rail temperature. Destressing helps the rails cope better with temperature extremes and prevents buckling or contraction.
    Heavy rain
    Heavy or very heavy rates of rainfall will clearly have a detrimental impact upon general visibility. However, in addition to any true meteorological reduction of visibility, raindrops impacting the windscreen/canopy will additionally reduce visibility. Windscreen wipers (if fitted) may not be able to fully cope with the rainfall rate. (World Meteorological Organization, n.d.)
    Heavy rainfall
    Greater than 100 millimetres of rainfall over a 24-hour period or a period of rainfall between 10 and 50 millimetres per hour as classified by the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Taihoro Nukurangi (NIWA).
    HEB
    HEB Construction Limited
    Heli winch
    A helicopter operation involving the use of a hoist mechanism with cable and hook that allows a lowering and/or pick up of an external load/cargo/person from the side of the helicopter.
    Helicopter frost protection
    Helicopter frost protection involves low-level flying over an affected crop to mix warmer air aloft with the cooler air below to prevent frost from settling on the fruit.
    Heliport
    Any defined area of land or water, and any defined area on a structure, intended or designed to be used either wholly or partly for the landing, departure and surface movement of helicopters
    Helm
    The means, such as a steering wheel, by which a vessel’s steering is controlled.
    HEMS
    Helicopter emergency medical service
    HH
    Waikato Hospital
    Hi-rail excavator
    A road vehicle fitted with retractable rail wheels, which can be driven along rail tracks and on/off tracks at level crossings and other suitable places.
    Hi-rail vehicle
    A vehicle fitted with equipment that gives the capability to travel on both road and rail.
    Higgins
    Higgins Contractors Limited
    High and dry
    Grounded and entirely above the water at low water.
    High risk vessel
    A ship that has attracted a high number of deficiencies through successive PSC inspections.
    High-expansion foam
    A type of foam used for fire suppression.
    High-reliability organisations
    High-reliability organisations are those that operate in highly hazardous environments with high safety performance, eg, air traffic management systems, commercial aviation, and nuclear power stations.
    HMNZS
    Her/His Majesty’s New Zealand Ship
    HMU
    Hydro-mechanical unit
    HN
    Hamilton Airport
    HNVGO
    Helicopter night vision goggle operations
    Hobbs meter
    An activated hour meter used to track the helicopter’s time in service.
    Hold Baggage
    Checked luggage carried in an aircraft hold
    Home base
    Where pilots would commence and conclude their rosters.
    Home signal
    A signal that controls the entry to a station or junction.
    Hook and loop retaining strap
    The term ‘hook and loop retaining strap’ is commonly used internationally in manuals. An alternative term, ‘hook and loop style fastener’ is often used in safety information bulletins.
    Hopper
    Part of an agricultural aircraft used to store chemicals to be spread.
    HoT
    Head of training
    Hot air baloon
    Incorporates the complete balloon assembly, including the basket, burners and envelope.
    Hot stretch
    A condition that occurs when a light, comprising a coiled filament suspended between two contact posts, is subject to a sudden strong shock loading while illuminated. The hot ductile filament will stretch before breaking. A light that is not illuminated will act in a brittle manner and break without stretching. This is not an exact science as it can vary with the strength and direction of the shock loading. Also, if an accident sequence is protracted, an illuminated filament may have sufficient time to cool and act in a brittle manner.
    Hot work
    Work requiring the use of welding, burning or soldering equipment, blowtorches and tools that generate sparks.
    Hourly rainfall rate
    A rolling average hourly rate
    hp
    Horse power (a unit of power, 1 kW = 1.341 hp)
    hPa
    hectopascal
    HSWA
    Health and Safety at Work Act 2015
    HSWA-GRWM
    Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 – General risk and workplace management regulations
    HUET
    Helicopter underwater escape training
    Hull loss
    The destruction or write-off an aircraft
    Human factors
    The science of human behaviour and its influence on the occurrence of human errors
    Hydrostatic release
    A pressure-activated mechanism designed to automatically deploy a life raft when certain conditions are met.
    Hydrovac truck
    A vacuum excavator truck purpose-built for non-destructive digging and locating underground service.